As of 30 November 2015, the games. on. net website and forum is no longer available. iiNet and the team would like to thank everyone who was involved in the community. Comprehensive and meticulously documented facts about global warming. Learn about greenhouse gases, global temperatures, causes and effects, politics, and more. Global Warming Just Facts Instruments located on satellites can measure certain properties of oxygen that vary with temperature. Data from these instruments is used to calculate the average temperatures of different layers of the Earths atmosphere. 4. The lowermost layer of the atmosphere, which is called the lower troposphere, ranges from ground level to about five miles 8 km high. 4. According to satellite data correlated and adjusted by the National Space Science and Technology Center at the University of Alabama Huntsville, the average temperature of the lower troposphere increased by 0. F 0. 3. 3C between the 1. For reference, a temperature analysis of a borehole drilled on a glacier in Greenland found that the location was about 2. F 1. 2C colder during the last ice age than it is now. 5. Sources of uncertainty in satellite derived temperatures involve variations in satellite orbits, variations in measuring instruments, and variations in the calculations used to translate raw data into temperatures. 5. A 2. 01. 1 paper in the International Journal of Remote Sensing estimates that the accuracy of satellite derived temperatures for the lower troposphere is approaching 0. F 0. 0. 3C per decade, or 0. F 0. 1C over 3. According to temperature measurements taken near the Earths surface that are correlated and adjusted by NASAs Goddard Institute for Space Studies, the Earths average temperature warmed by 1. F 0. 8C between the 1. According to temperature measurements taken near the Earths surface that are correlated and adjusted by the Climatic Research Unit of the University of East Anglia in the U. K., the Earths average temperature warmed by 1. F 0. 8C between the 1. Sources of uncertainty in surface temperature data involve very incomplete temperature records in the earlier years,5. A 2. 00. 6 paper in the Journal of Geophysical Research that calculates uncertainties in surface temperature data states that a. Oceans constitute about 7. Earths surface. 7. Changes in air temperature over the worlds oceans are typically based on measurements of water temperature at depths varying from less than 3 feet to more than 4. This data is combined with changes in air temperature over land areas to produce global averages. 7. A 2. 00. 1 paper in Geophysical Research Letters contrasted water and air temperature changes in the tropical Pacific Ocean using three sources of measurements. One of these was a series of buoys, each containing thermometers located ten feet above the water and at one foot below the water.
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